Spinal stenosis is a medical condition that occurs when the open spaces of the spinal column are narrowed or intruded into. This narrowing of these important spaces between the vertebrae can lead to nerve compression, which can be very painful. Each vertebra has an opening at the back that is part of the spinal canal. The spinal cord runs through these spaces in the lumbar and thoracic parts of the spine. These important spaces provide a path for nerve roots to travel from the spine into other parts of the body. Spinal stenosis most often impacts the cervical or lumbar regions of the spine and can cause widespread pain that travels into other areas of the body as a result of the compression of important nerves.

The symptoms a patient will experience as a result of spinal stenosis will vary depending on the severity of the condition and the location of the effected vertebrae. Spinal stenosis can cause patients to feel pain, weakness, tingling, and even numbness in the arms or legs. It may also negatively impact a person’s balance. Spinal stenosis of the lumbar spine can often lead to sciatica, which is a painful sensation that can travel through the buttocks and down into the legs. Some patients may even develop bowel or bladder control problems as a result of their stenosis. If your doctor suspects that spinal stenosis may be the cause of your back pain or other issues, they will perform a physical exam and order imaging tests that can provide them with crucial information about the interior function of your body. X-ray, MRI, CT scan, electromyogram, or a bone scan may be required depending on your condition. Spinal stenosis is often caused by excess bone growth around the spinal nerves that can result from osteoarthritis. It may also be the result of a traumatic injury, herniated disc, tumor, or thickened spinal ligaments. These tests can help your doctor understand the exact cause of your pain, so they can appropriately diagnose your condition.